Principes et valeurs de la République
24 questions explained
À quoi correspond la date du 14 juillet ?
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Our answer: À la fête nationale
14 July is France's national day, set as such in 1880. It commemorates two founding events of the Republic, on 14 July 1789 and 14 July 1790. It is not the date of the Constitution or the abolition of the death penalty.
Le principe d’égalité signifie que :
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Our answer: Les femmes et les hommes doivent recevoir un traitement égal
Equality before the law includes equality of the sexes. Women and men must be treated equally and must not suffer discrimination. It also includes universal suffrage: every citizen has the right to vote.
"Liberté, égalité, fraternité", c’est :
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Our answer: la devise de la République française
"Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité" is the motto of the French Republic. The national anthem is La Marseillaise. The European Union's motto is "United in diversity", which is a different phrase.
Certains métiers peuvent-ils être réservés aux hommes ?
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Our answer: Non, refuser l'accès à certains métiers à cause du sexe est du sexisme
No. Refusing access to certain jobs because of a person's sex is sexism. Regulated jobs, such as lawyer or doctor, depend on training rules, not on whether the person is a man or a woman.
De quand date la Constitution de la Ve République ?
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Our answer: Du 4 octobre 1958
The Constitution of the Fifth Republic dates from 4 October 1958. It has a Preamble and 108 articles. It refers to the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, but it is much more recent.
Lequel de ces symboles représente officiellement la République française ?
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Our answer: Le drapeau tricolore
The tricolour flag is an official symbol of the French Republic. The rooster is widely used and is a strong national symbol, but it is not officially recognised. A Christmas tree and a wool hat are not symbols of the Republic.
Quels sont des symboles officiels de la République française ?
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Our answer: Le drapeau tricolore, Marianne et la devise nationale
The tricolour flag, Marianne and the national motto are official symbols of the Republic. The rooster is widely used and a strong national symbol, but it is not officially recognised. The other options therefore include the rooster.
Qu’est-ce que l’égalité ?
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Our answer: Un principe selon lequel la loi est la même pour toutes les personnes
Equality is a fundamental principle of the Republic. It means, for example, that the law is the same for everyone. It also covers women and men, who have equal rights. It does not favour wealthy people.
Que signifie la liberté ?
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Our answer: Pouvoir penser, parler et pratiquer sa religion librement
Liberty gives everyone freedom of expression, meaning the freedom to think and say what one thinks, and freedom of worship or religion. It does not allow ignoring the law: beliefs are expressed while respecting the laws of the Republic.
Quelle est la devise de la République française ?
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Our answer: Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité
The motto of the French Republic is "Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité". It is written in the 1958 Constitution. "United in diversity" is the motto of the European Union, not of France.
Quelle est la place de la langue française dans la République ?
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Our answer: Le français est la langue de la République, inscrite dans la Constitution
Article 2 of the Constitution says the language of the Republic is French. It is the only official language. Regional languages are part of French heritage, but they are not official languages of France.
Qu'est-ce que la Marseillaise ?
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Our answer: L'hymne national de la France
La Marseillaise is the national anthem of France. The tricolour flag is the national emblem, and the motto is « Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité ». Bouillabaisse is the dish from Marseille, not the Marseillaise.
En quelle année la loi de séparation des Églises et de l'État a-t-elle été votée ?
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Our answer: 1905
The law separating the Churches and the State dates from 1905, under the Third Republic. It is the foundation of laïcité. Jules Ferry's school laws date from 1881 and 1882 and are different laws.
Quel droit est garanti par la laïcité ?
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Our answer: La liberté de conscience
Secularism (laïcité) guarantees freedom of conscience. Everyone is free to believe or not to believe. People may express their convictions, but they must respect others and public order.
Pourquoi le principe de laïcité doit-il être respecté à l'école ?
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Our answer: Pour protéger la liberté de penser des élèves et garantir leur égalité de traitement
Secularism protects pupils from pressure and lets them think freely. It also guarantees equal treatment for all pupils. It does not force anyone to choose a religion and does not give some pupils more rights than others.
Une personne a-t-elle le droit de ne pas croire en une religion ?
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Our answer: Oui, ne pas avoir de religion est aussi un droit
In France everyone is free to believe or not to believe. Having no religion is a right, and nobody can be forced to practise a religion. Secularism guarantees this freedom of conscience.
Parmi les propositions suivantes, laquelle constitue une participation citoyenne ?
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Our answer: Voter lors des élections
Voting is a way of taking part in political life. By voting, citizens ensure that democracy works properly. The other options are not citizen participation.
Que garantit la liberté d’expression ?
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Our answer: Le droit de penser et de dire ce que l’on pense
Freedom of expression is the right to think and say what you think. It is a fundamental right in France. It has nothing to do with taxes or school.
Peut-on brûler publiquement un drapeau français ?
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Our answer: Non, c'est puni par la loi dans certains cas
Two texts apply. Under article 433-5-1 of the Code pénal, publicly outraging the flag during an event organised or regulated by the authorities is punished by a 7,500 euro fine. Outside that case, article R. 645-15 punishes destroying, damaging or degrading the flag in a public place, in conditions likely to disturb public order and with intent to outrage it, with a fifth-class fine.
Qu'est-ce que la liberté d'association ?
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Our answer: Le droit de s'engager librement, pour les Français comme pour les étrangers
Freedom of association is the right to get involved freely. It applies to everyone, French or foreign, and is set out in a law dating from 1901. It is not an obligation, and it is not reserved for French citizens.
Que garantit le principe de laïcité ?
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Our answer: L'égalité de traitement de tous les élèves à l'école
Secularism guarantees equal treatment of all pupils in schools. It also guarantees the freedom not to practise a religion: nobody can be forced to follow one. The State is neutral towards religions.
Déclarer ses revenus aux services fiscaux est :
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Our answer: obligatoire, même si l'on ne travaille pas
In France, declaring your income is mandatory, even if you do not work. Everyone over 18 living in France must do it, whether French or not, even with no income. In that case you enter 0 euros.
En France, les impôts permettent de financer les dépenses publiques. Quelle proposition est correcte ?
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Our answer: L'argent des impôts est redistribué pour la solidarité, les écoles et les routes.
Tax money is not simply kept by the State: it is redistributed. It pays for solidarity, such as social benefits, and also for schools and roads. It therefore serves the whole of society.
La liberté d'association est :
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Our answer: le droit de s'engager librement, pour les Français comme pour les étrangers
In France, every person, French or foreign, can freely get involved in associations. This is called freedom of association. It is set out in a law of 1901, not 1789, and it is a right, not an obligation.