Vivre dans la société française
24 questions explained
Quel numéro d'urgence permet d'appeler le SAMU ?
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Our answer: Le 15
The SAMU is reached by calling 15 for a medical emergency. 17 is the police, 18 is the fire service, and 115 is emergency housing.
Quel numéro d'urgence permet d'appeler les pompiers ?
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Our answer: Le 18
Firefighters are reached at 18 for danger or an accident. 15 is the SAMU, 17 is the police, and 196 is for sea rescue.
Après avoir obtenu le permis de conduire, que faut-il faire pour pouvoir conduire sa voiture ?
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Our answer: Prendre une assurance automobile
After getting the licence, you must take out insurance before driving your car. Insurance is mandatory. You do not need to retake the test or exchange the licence; exchange applies only to foreign licences.
À quelles conditions un mariage est-il reconnu juridiquement ?
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Our answer: Il doit être célébré civilement, devant la mairie
Only civil marriage is recognised in France, so a religious marriage alone has no legal value. Two people of the same sex can also marry, and no period of living together is required.
Quand faut-il déclarer son enfant au service d'état civil de la mairie ?
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Our answer: Dans les 5 jours qui suivent la naissance
Declaring a birth is compulsory and must be done within 5 days of the birth, at the town hall of the place of birth. Waiting until the child starts school or turns one is therefore far too late.
Le travail non déclaré est :
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Our answer: interdit par la loi
Undeclared work, also called concealed work, is prohibited by law. The employer can face prison and fines. The employee pays no contributions toward pension or unemployment cover. The employee's agreement changes nothing.
Que doit faire un employeur pour fixer un salaire ?
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Our answer: Respecter le salaire minimum de croissance (SMIC)
An employer may not pay less than the SMIC, France's minimum wage. So when setting a salary, the employer must respect this minimum. Paying less is forbidden, including at the start of a contract.
Qu'est-ce que le SMIC ?
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Our answer: Le salaire horaire minimum en France
The SMIC is the minimum growth wage. It is the minimum hourly wage in France. An employer is not allowed to pay a salary lower than the SMIC.
Quelle est la durée légale du temps de travail par semaine ?
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Our answer: 35 heures
The legal working time for full-time employees is 35 hours per week, in all companies. The figure of 48 hours is a maximum not to be exceeded, not the legal working time.
Qui est aidé par France Travail ?
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Our answer: Les personnes qui cherchent un travail et les entreprises qui recrutent
France Travail helps people looking for a job and also helps companies that are recruiting. It does not deal with housing or bank accounts.
Une personne étrangère en situation régulière peut créer son entreprise :
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Our answer: même si elle n'a pas la nationalité française
You can start a business in France without French nationality. A diploma is not needed except for certain activities such as hairdressing. No permission from a former employer is required.
Auprès de quel organisme faut-il demander le remboursement des frais de santé ?
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Our answer: La caisse primaire d'Assurance maladie
Health costs are reimbursed through the local primary health insurance office (caisse primaire d'Assurance maladie). The town hall, the prefecture and France Travail do not have this role; France Travail only helps people find work.
À quoi sert la carte Vitale ?
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Our answer: Prouver que l'on bénéficie des droits à l'Assurance Maladie
The carte Vitale is personal and proves you are entitled to health insurance (Assurance Maladie). It is not a payment card. It helps send information so that you are reimbursed.
À quoi sert une mutuelle santé ?
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Our answer: À compléter la prise en charge de base des soins
The mutuelle is supplementary cover. It adds to the basic cover provided by universal health protection (PUMa). It does not replace it.
Jusqu'à quel âge l'école est-elle obligatoire ?
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Our answer: Jusqu'à 16 ans
In France, all children aged 3 to 16 must attend school, whether French or foreign. After 16, school is no longer compulsory, but young people may continue their studies.
Quel mariage est reconnu par l'État ?
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Our answer: Le mariage civil
Only a civil marriage is recognised in France. A religious or customary marriage therefore has no legal value for the State.
Auprès de quelle institution les parents peuvent-ils inscrire leur enfant à l'école publique ?
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Our answer: La mairie
To enrol a child in a public school, parents contact the town hall (mairie) or the school near their home. The prefecture, the court and the family allowance office do not handle this enrolment.
Quelle aide permet aux personnes qui ont des difficultés financières d'avoir un avocat ?
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Our answer: L'aide juridictionnelle
Legal aid (aide juridictionnelle) helps pay for justice costs so everyone is properly defended, whatever their income. ACRE helps start a business and PUMa covers health costs, so neither helps pay for a lawyer.
Où faut-il déclarer la naissance d'un enfant ?
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Our answer: À la mairie du lieu de naissance
A birth must be declared at the town hall of the place of birth. The civil registrar then draws up the child's birth certificate. The prefecture, the court and health insurance do not receive this declaration.
Quelle est l'une des conditions pour passer l'examen du permis de conduire ?
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Our answer: Avoir au moins 17 ans et être résident en France
To take the driving licence exam you must be at least 17 and be a resident in France. Owning a car or having a job is not a requirement.
Un bail locatif est valide s'il est :
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Our answer: Signé par le locataire et le propriétaire
The lease is the only document that allows you to live in a home. It is valid only if both the tenant and the owner sign it. One signature is not enough.
Quel numéro d'urgence permet d'appeler la police ?
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Our answer: Le 17
17 is the police number, used to report an offence. 15 is the SAMU for medical emergencies. 18 is the fire service. 115 is for emergency housing.
À qui est accessible la contraception ?
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Our answer: Aux mineurs, qui peuvent l'obtenir de façon anonyme et gratuite
Minors, meaning people under 18, can get contraception anonymously and free of charge. Within a couple, contraception is available without the partner's permission. Marriage is therefore not required.
Qu’est-ce que le principe de confidentialité dans le domaine de la santé ?
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Our answer: Le médecin doit garder secrètes les informations médicales de son patient
The confidentiality principle obliges the doctor to keep a patient's medical information secret. Breaching medical secrecy is punishable by law, except to report certain serious or contagious diseases to the health authorities.